Which of the following would be assessed in the Cardiovascular section of ROS?

In the context of the Review of Systems (ROS), the Cardiovascular section specifically addresses symptoms and conditions related to the heart and vascular system. This includes any issues pertaining to blood flow, heart function, and associated symptoms that may indicate cardiovascular disorders.

The first choice, which mentions leg pain when walking and heart murmurs, directly relates to cardiovascular health. Leg pain that is experienced during walking, often referred to as claudication, can indicate peripheral artery disease, a condition where narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs. Heart murmurs are abnormal sounds during the heartbeat cycle that can signal various heart conditions, making both symptoms highly relevant in the cardiovascular category of ROS.

In contrast, the other options focus on symptoms that pertain to different systems of the body. For example, pain when swallowing and hoarseness relate to the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems, joint stiffness and back pain are associated with musculoskeletal conditions, while nausea and vomiting point toward gastrointestinal issues. These symptoms do not fall under the cardiovascular system and hence are not relevant to the assessment of this section. This highlights why the correct answer is the one that specifically addresses cardiovascular concerns.